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---
type: howto
title: Niri Tips and Gotchas
description: Practical tips for working with niri — Mod key behavior, shell expansion, config reload, vim keys, and programmatic invocation.
tags:
- niri
- tips
- gotchas
verified: 2026-08-28
---
# Helpful Tips
## 1. Mod key
Use `Mod` instead of `Super` for configs that work both on TTY and in nested windows.
## 2. No shell expansion in spawn
`spawn` does not expand `$VAR` or `~`. Use `spawn-sh` or wrap in `sh -c`.
## 3. Config reload
niri supports live-reloading config without restart.
## 4. Alternative navigation
Vim-like keys (H/J/K/L) are bound by default alongside arrow keys.
## 5. Programmatic invocation
Every action can be invoked via `niri msg action <action-name>`.
## 6. Find XKB keys
Use `wev` to discover key names.
## Related
* [Key Bindings Syntax](/tools/niri/key-bindings-syntax.md) — Configuration details
* [Action Reference](/tools/niri/action-reference.md) — All available actions